When Koren Publishers Jerusalem kindly sent me
a review copy of The Susan & Roger Hertog Edition of Exodus, entitled The
Koren Tanakh of the Land of Israel,
I wondered if they had printed it wrong! Unlike the right-to-left books we’re
used to, this one opens left to right. So it took me a second to remember
that’s the Hebrew way to read. Since this book includes passages of scripture in
both Hebrew and English, the choice is not only appropriate but a great conversation
opener!
Upon its release in February 2020, this large, attractive
hardback will certainly dress up a coffee table. Besides the artistically
rendered cover, the interior presents an abundance of colorful photographs on
thick, slick paper. These ample illustrations help us to see the land of Israel
and the people who lived there in sweeping vistas and up-close detail. However,
you’ll want to actually read this beautifully produced book as it combines art
with an in-depth study of Exodus. As the inside flap of the book jacket tells
us:
For those who might not know “What is the Tanakh?”,
the Introduction to the Series responds to that very question:
“The word Tanakh is an acronym comprised of the Hebrew
letters t n kh, referring to the
fundamental collection of writings on which Judaism is based: Torah (the Five Books of Moses), Nevi’im (the Prophets), and Ketuvim (the Writings). The Tanakh is a
literary collection composed over the course of a millennium.”
Christians refer to these books as the Old Testament,
which is not intended to give offense but to indicate the vital placement of
the Tanakh before the books known as the New Testament – and vital, it is. The
more Christians study the Tanakh, the clearer the life and times of Jesus become,
which can greatly alter the misinformation, suppositions, and contemporary
perspectives often brought to scripture reading.
Regarding the particular scriptures used for this book,
the highly respected Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks served as the primary translator
of the Hebrew and Aramaic texts in a new translation of Exodus into English.
Portions of both the Hebrew and the English text appear on each page, along
with short articles and insights highlighted by these categories:
- Archaeology
- notes on archaeological objects
relating to the adjacent text
- Near East –
backgrounds on the ancient civilizations who interacted or affected God’s
people
- Language –
insights into the languages of the times
- Flora and Fauna
– identification of plants and animals mentioned in the Bible
- Egyptology –
comments on the culture, religions, and powers in Egyptian society
- Mishkan – descriptions
of the Tabernacle
- Geography –
information on biblical places
- Halakha – textual
links to Jewish rituals and contemporary practices
For example, the opening text begins with the Hebrew “names of the sons of Yisrael (Israel) who came to Egypt with Yaakov(Jacob), each with his household: Reuven (Reuben), Shimon (Simeon), Levi and
Yehuda (Judah); Yissakhar
(Issachar) Zevulun (Zebulun) and Binyamin (Benjamin); Dan and Naftali (Naphtali); Gad and Asher. The descendants of Yaakov were
seventy in all, and Yosef (Joseph) was
already in Egypt.”
Above that English translation is the Hebrew passage,
and below is the sidebar on the Near East, which says:
“The numbers 7,
10, 12, 40, 60, 70, 300, and their multiples appear many times in the Torah.
Rather than representing an exact or historical quantity, these numbers have
allegorical and typological meaning. The family of Yaakov consists of 70 souls
who immigrate to Egypt. The Israelite nation has 70 elders (Ex. 24), Gideon and
Ahab had 70 sons (Judge 8:30; 11 Kings 10:1), and Adoni-Bezek rules over 70
kinds (Judges 1:7).”
The note ends by saying:
“In the ancient
Near Eastern texts, the number 70 has referred to gods, kings, and more…. in
the ancient Near East, the number 70 represented totality.”
Then, in reference to verse seven, the note on
Archaeology briefly discusses the “Semites in Egypt” and explains:
“Water in the
Middle East is always an issue. In ancient times the Canaanite shepherds
brought herds to the Nile delta in times of famine, because the Nile provided a
steady supply of water that supported agriculture and fertile grazing pastures
even when rain was scarce. The Egyptian government blocked infiltrators when it
was strong, but when the central administration was weak, shepherds from Canaan
would bring their herds to graze there.”
As Exodus 2 begins the story of Moshe (Moses), a note
appears on “The daughter of Pharoah” under the heading “Egyptology” and offers
this insight:
“…the Egyptian
princesses were very precious to their fathers. In the time of the New Kingdom,
when foreign princesses were sent as diplomatic gifts to the king of Egypt, no
Egyptian princess was ever sent in return to a foreign ruler.”
Alongside the story of the burning bush in Exodus 3, the
note on Flora and Fauna tells us:
“The traditional
commentaries unanimously identify the seneh, or thorn-bush, as what is now
called the holy bramble, Rubus sanguineus – a bush that grows in proximity to
springs and streams.”
By chapter 15, God’s people have left Egypt, crossed
the Sea of Reeds, and entered the “Shur
Desert, toward Beershaba,” which is discussed under the heading “Geography” and
says:
“The main route
across the desert would have been a relatively straight, level journey from the
Isthmus of Suez, to Beersheba, an approximately 180-kilometer trek that would
take around a week on foot.”
Hopefully,
those examples give you a good idea of what you’ll find in the text and commentaries,
but this highly recommended biblical resource also includes a Timeline, Maps, and
Introductions to the book, ancient Egypt, the plagues, and more. If,
however,you never get to read every elegant page, the color photographs and
captions will give you a broad and, sometimes, detailed view of the times,
places, and people along with the artifacts and items of worship that enriched
their lives – and ours.
…